Africa's green minerals include cobalt, lithium, copper, manganese, graphite, and vanadium, among others. Low investment in mining exploration in Africa means that the current publicly known values of green minerals are just the tip of the iceberg.

Transition minerals are naturally occurring substances, often found in rocks, that are ideal for use in renewable technology. Lithium, nickel and cobalt are core components of batteries, like those that power electric vehicles. Rare earth elements are part of the magnets that turn wind turbines and electric motors.